Study Torts with expertly written law school outlines available in Full, Cram, and Bar exam formats.
Torts is the law of civil wrongs, and our outlines cover every theory of liability tested in a torts course and on the MBE. The comprehensive Torts overview begins with intentional torts against the person: battery (harmful or offensive contact), assault (reasonable apprehension of imminent harmful or offensive contact), false imprisonment (confinement plus awareness or harm, shopkeeper's privilege), and intentional infliction of emotional distress (extreme and outrageous conduct, bystander liability). Intentional torts against property — trespass to land, trespass to chattels, and conversion (the most serious form of interference) — are covered with remedies. Negligence is the centerpiece: duty (general duty, special relationships, landowner duties under both the traditional trichotomy and the modern reasonable-care approach, Tarasoff duties, rescuer doctrine), breach (the reasonable-person standard, custom, res ipsa loquitur, negligence per se), causation (actual cause under the but-for test and the substantial-factor test for multiple causes, proximate cause under the Palsgraf foreseeability test, intervening and superseding causes), and damages (physical harm, pure economic loss rule, NIED impact, zone-of-danger, and bystander recovery). Defenses to Negligence covers contributory negligence, comparative negligence (pure and modified), assumption of risk (express and implied), and the rescuer doctrine. The Strict Liability outline addresses abnormally dangerous activities under the Restatement Second factors and wild-animal liability. The Products Liability outline covers strict products liability under §402A of the Restatement Second and the Restatement Third (manufacturing defects, design defects under risk-utility and consumer-expectation tests, warning defects, learned-intermediary doctrine), along with negligence and warranty theories. Vicarious liability, joint and several liability, and damages (including punitive damages) round out the coverage. Available in Full, Cram, and Bar formats. Connects to Remedies, Evidence, Civil Procedure, and Criminal Law. Search terms: negligence duty, Palsgraf proximate cause, res ipsa loquitur, products liability design defect, assumption of risk, intentional infliction emotional distress.